By R. Tyler. Southwestern University.
In returning several times to Step Two generic 60caps ayurslim free shipping, relating to the history of Lourdes’s symptoms purchase ayurslim 60 caps fast delivery, she real- ized that her daughter had started exhibiting all her symptoms soon after she had caught a bad cold from the children at school. Then in considering Step Three relative to what made her daughter’s symptoms worse, she noted that Lourdes was especially resistant and inat- tentive when they were driving in the car, with the little girl in the back in a child’s car seat. Lourdes seemed best when her mother had her attention and was having a direct conversation with her. In other words, Elise had to have a face-to-face interaction to get her daughter’s attention. Instead of returning to the pediatrician, Elise took her daughter to an audiologist, who discovered that Lourdes had a significant hearing loss. This 198 Diagnosing Your Mystery Malady explained a lot, such as why she wasn’t “listening” to the teacher or her par- ents and seemed inattentive, as well as why her vocabulary wasn’t expand- ing in either Spanish or English. Lourdes was worse in the backseat of the car because she couldn’t read her mother’s lips, whereas when she was engaged in direct eye contact and conversation, she became communicative again. Since these symptoms started when Lourdes became sick, Elise took her daughter to an ear, nose, and throat doctor. He found that both of her middle ears were full of fluid—the remnants of the cold that Lourdes caught after beginning nursery school. Once they placed drain tubes in Lourdes’s eardrums (tympanic mem- branes), her hearing improved dramatically. Her vocabulary caught up to her age level, and Lourdes returned to being the bright, inquisitive, and well- behaved child she once was. Without solid research on the Internet and a step-by-step analysis, Lourdes’s mother would not have been able to get the help her daughter needed as quickly as she did. Case Study: Justin Justin was a nine-year-old who had just earned his first badge as a Cub Scout. After he attended scout camp that summer and achieved his second badge, he informed his parents he intended to work toward becoming an Eagle Scout. His parents were pleased and hoped his five-year-old brother would follow in his footsteps.
Some people can even develop Examples of such antiseptics include chlorhexidine and allergies to the antiseptic quality 60caps ayurslim. Alcohol is an anti- Another hazard of antiseptics that has only become septic proven 60 caps ayurslim, which is routinely used to swab the skin prior to an apparent since the 1990s is the contamination of the environ- injection. Antiseptic solutions that are disposed of in sinks and toi- 31 Antiserum and antitoxin WORLD OF MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY lets can make their way to rivers and lakes. Contamination of Antiserum and antitoxin are obtained from the blood of the aquifer (the surface or underground reserve of water from the test animal. The blood is obtained at a pre-determined time which drinking water is obtained) has become a real possibility. The antiserum constitutes part of the plasma, the clear See also Antibiotics; Infection control component of the blood that is obtained when the heavier blood cells are separated by spinning the blood in a machine called a centrifuge. AAntiserum and antitoxinNTISERUM AND ANTITOXIN Examples of antisera are those against tetanus and rabies. Typically, these antisera are administered if someone Both antisera and antitoxins are means of proactively combat- has been exposed to an environment or, in the case of rabies, ing infections. The introduction of compounds to which the an animal, which makes the threat of acquiring the disease immune system responds is an attempt to build up protection real. The antisera can boost the chances of successfully com- against microorganisms or their toxins before the microbes actually invade the body. After the threat of disease is The use of antiserum and antitoxin preparations is now gone, the protective effect is no longer required. The beginnings of the The advent of antibiotics has largely replaced some strategies dates to the time of Edward Jenner in the late eigh- types of antiserum. Then, Jenner used an inoculum of cowpox antiserum can cause allergic reactions that in some people are material to elicit protection against the smallpox virus. The allergic nature of antiserum, which is also known as Jenner’s strategy of using a live organism to elicit an serum shock, arises from the nature of its origin. Because it is antibody response led to a “third-party” strategy, whereby derived from an animal, there may be components of the ani- serum is obtained from an animal that has been exposed to an mal present in the antiserum.
Often cheap 60caps ayurslim overnight delivery, in the past ayurslim 60caps free shipping, research was conducted on male ‘subjects’ and the results generalised to the whole popu- lation. Feminist researchers critique both the research topics and the methods used; especially those which em- phasise objective, scientific ‘truth’. With its emphasis on participative, qualitative inquiry, feminist research has provided a valuable alternative framework for research- ers who have felt uncomfortable with treating people as research ‘objects’. Under the umbrella of feminist re- search are various different standpoints – these are dis- cussed in considerable depth in some of the texts listed at the end of this chapter. Grounded theory Grounded theory is a methodology which was first laid out in 1967 by two researchers named Glaser and HOW TO DECIDE UPON A METHODOLOGY / 19 Strauss. It tends to be a popular form of inquiry in the areas of education and health research. The emphasis in this methodology is on the generation of theory which is grounded in the data – this means that it has emerged from the data. This is different from other types of re- search which might seek to test a hypothesis that has been formulated by the researcher. In grounded theory, methods such as focus groups and interviews tend to be the preferred data collection method, along with a com- prehensive literature review which takes place through- out the data collection process. In grounded theory studies the number of people to be interviewed is not specified at the beginning of the re- search. This is because the researcher, at the outset, is unsure of where the research will take her. Instead, she continues with the data collection until ‘saturation’ point is reached, that is, no new information is being provided. Grounded theory is therefore flexible and en- ables new issues to emerge that the researcher may not have thought about previously.
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